Thursday, September 30, 2010
Wednesday, September 29, 2010
Anti-Semitism today
Anti-Semitism is prejudice against Jews, their religion, language, history. The most famous event for anti-semitism is the holocaust by Nazi Germany. There are lots of anti-semitism events happening around the world.
http://www.zionism-israel.com/dic/Anti-Semitism.htm
This is a survey from 2008, about the anti-semitism today. The top part shows what Europeans see Jews people today. They still think Jews people are rich, and powerful and Jews talk too much about what happened to them in the Holocaust. The part under shows how many people still agree with anti-semitic. In Hungary, over half of the population hate or aganist Jews people, and in Poland and Spain also. This fact shows how strong anti-semitism in the world right now.
by likezekeem
http://www.zionism-israel.com/dic/Anti-Semitism.htm
This is a survey from 2008, about the anti-semitism today. The top part shows what Europeans see Jews people today. They still think Jews people are rich, and powerful and Jews talk too much about what happened to them in the Holocaust. The part under shows how many people still agree with anti-semitic. In Hungary, over half of the population hate or aganist Jews people, and in Poland and Spain also. This fact shows how strong anti-semitism in the world right now.
by likezekeem
Anti-Semitism
Anti-Semitism is found in a lot of places around the world today. For example, in Venezuela, the president Hugo Chavez has expressed his anti-simitic views and called Israel a "terrorist state". Another recent example is the bombing of a synagogue on Rosh Hashanah in Kyrgyzstan. People stereotype Jewish people as being obsessed with making money, loud, and strict.
Catherine
Catherine
Vicki 2013 On Antisemitism
In the state of California, incidents of anti- semitism jumped by 22% since 2009. California is the state with the most anti-semidic incidents in the country. Examples of what has happened are:
-a man was called a "Jew boy" in an LA public bus and dragged to the front of the bus
-the painting of Swastikas and "Actung! Juden" outside the Jewish Community Center in Riverside
-at a middle school in Los Angeles, a class mocked their teacher chanting "Hitler, Hitler" and drawing Swastikas on their folders and desks
This is a truly sad kind of prejudice I never really heard about but now I realize it is actually more common than one might originally think. It really is an underestimated kind of crime.
To read the full article, visit
It's a Los Angeles article, and it is really good. Check it out!
Anti-Semetism in the Modern World
Anti-semetism is an extremely underestimated form of discrimination. We know about the Holucaust, but never really think of anything beyond it. However, anti-semetism is still present in modern day: the number of incidents has actually risen by fifty-five percent from 2006 to 2009, reaching a record high since the reaserch began in the 1980's. Out of the 924 recorded incidents in Great Britain, 124 were considered violent and most happened in Manchester and London.
This sudden rise in anti-semitismis attributed mostly to Israel's attack on the Hamas militants in December 2008. About one fourth of the recorded incidents since the attack have included some reference to it. However, this cannot be seen as a viable excuse for anti-semetic actions. When people are angry, often they will take it out on the group that offended them rather than the individual(s). The members of the Jewish Community who were nearby were the easiest targets even though they had nothing to do with the conflict that set off peoples' anger. Things like this happen all the time; this type of prejudice was seen against Muslims in the US after 9/11 as well.
--CZ
http://uk.reuters.com/article/idUKTRE61403V20100205
This sudden rise in anti-semitismis attributed mostly to Israel's attack on the Hamas militants in December 2008. About one fourth of the recorded incidents since the attack have included some reference to it. However, this cannot be seen as a viable excuse for anti-semetic actions. When people are angry, often they will take it out on the group that offended them rather than the individual(s). The members of the Jewish Community who were nearby were the easiest targets even though they had nothing to do with the conflict that set off peoples' anger. Things like this happen all the time; this type of prejudice was seen against Muslims in the US after 9/11 as well.
--CZ
http://uk.reuters.com/article/idUKTRE61403V20100205
AntiSemitism
Anti-Semitism has been existing in the world for many centuries. Many people to this day support Anti-Semitism. Although it isn’t quite as popular as it once was, there are still many sources of evidence and written documents that prove that it still exists. Places such as Europe and the Middle East are still very anti-Semitic. Many times Anti Semitism became more of a threat, and the government had decided to intervene. In places like the Middle East the government had spoken against, urging the media to also keep the public aware about the dangers that Anti-Semitism causes. In Europe, where it is more of a threat, the government even set the police to protect Jews from any possible violent attacks.
These picture is a great example in which Antisemitism still exhists even in today's society. Also many people publicly announce that they have no tolerence for Jews and imply that the world would be a better place without them.
Antisemitism
Antisemitism is the hatred of Jews and Jewish communities. I personally know some Jewish people, and I find no reason to discriminate against them and many of them don't even fit their stereotypes. The Jewish people I know don't have any "Jewish" characteristics in the way that theres nothing bad about them that antisemitism blames them of doing.
Antisemitism might only be thought to happen during the Holocaust, but sadly it still continues today. Some might think Antisemitism only occurs in extremist groups such as the KKK and the Taliban, but in fact even some governments have shown that they are antisemitic. It is antisemitic to even think the Holocaust didn't occur.
For example, in Iran the president said that the Holocaust didn't even happen and he suggested that Israel, a mainly Jewish country, be wiped off the map. One might dismiss this because Iran and Israel are hostile to each other, but even the Venezuelan president accused Israel of killing Palestinian people in cold blood because they are against Jews.
"In February 2007, a Jewish memorial to the Holocaust was defaced and nearly 300 Jewish graves desecrated in Odessa in southern Ukraine." —Photo courtesy European Jewish Press
Above is a picture taken in Ukraine where Jewish graves were imprinted with the Swastika, the symbol of the Nazis who persecuted the Jews in the Holocaust. It is disgusting that this only happened three years ago.
Source: http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/focus/antisemitism/
-Samar
Antisemitism might only be thought to happen during the Holocaust, but sadly it still continues today. Some might think Antisemitism only occurs in extremist groups such as the KKK and the Taliban, but in fact even some governments have shown that they are antisemitic. It is antisemitic to even think the Holocaust didn't occur.
For example, in Iran the president said that the Holocaust didn't even happen and he suggested that Israel, a mainly Jewish country, be wiped off the map. One might dismiss this because Iran and Israel are hostile to each other, but even the Venezuelan president accused Israel of killing Palestinian people in cold blood because they are against Jews.
"In February 2007, a Jewish memorial to the Holocaust was defaced and nearly 300 Jewish graves desecrated in Odessa in southern Ukraine." —Photo courtesy European Jewish Press
Above is a picture taken in Ukraine where Jewish graves were imprinted with the Swastika, the symbol of the Nazis who persecuted the Jews in the Holocaust. It is disgusting that this only happened three years ago.
Source: http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/focus/antisemitism/
-Samar
The prevalence of anti-Semitism
Students sometimes believe that anti-Semitism is rare and or even that Jewish people occupy a socially advantaged position. To show that anti-Semitism is still common, try to find the most recent anti-Semitic incident.
Prejudice
I think that everyone has a little prejudice and that it's impossible to not be. The media creates certain stereotypes and prejudices that influence us and they way we think. When certain people are grouped in these stereotypes, it makes it easy for us to believe the things that they are depicted as. Like stereotypes, I don't think they can be eliminated because people are so used to them today. Although it's difficult to get rid of prejudices, we can still try to get to know the person before we make judgements about them and look past the stereotyped characteristics of their group.
Catherine
Catherine
Tuesday, September 28, 2010
Prejudice
This is just a little funny cartoon that shows something serious; prejudice is never really eliminated. When one group has reached some sort of equality, there's always another that has not. However, it can also be said that no group will ever be free of stereotype. Prejudice could be called a part of human nature, yes-but it's a part that we need to reject in order to keep a more peaceful and civilized society.
It's true as well that being categorized has its benefits. Imagine how scary it would be to not belong to any sort of group. You could call it "freedom from judgment", but you are also missing a huge part of your identity. As human beings, we are comfortable fitting in with a group. If that group is insulted or threatened, all of its members unite against the outside force; whereas if an individual is threatened who does not belong to a group, he would have no one to back him up. In minimizing stereotypes, we shouldn't try to disregard the part of a person's identity that is defined by a group. Rather, we should learn to see the person both as a member of a group-without negative judgment based on it- and as an individual.
--CZ
It's true as well that being categorized has its benefits. Imagine how scary it would be to not belong to any sort of group. You could call it "freedom from judgment", but you are also missing a huge part of your identity. As human beings, we are comfortable fitting in with a group. If that group is insulted or threatened, all of its members unite against the outside force; whereas if an individual is threatened who does not belong to a group, he would have no one to back him up. In minimizing stereotypes, we shouldn't try to disregard the part of a person's identity that is defined by a group. Rather, we should learn to see the person both as a member of a group-without negative judgment based on it- and as an individual.
--CZ
Prejudice & Racism
I think that everyone is prejudice. Even those who claim they are not are a little prejudice on the inside. The picture above shows how a lot of people take "extra precautions" on a daily basis. I would lie if I said I am not prejudice sometimes. I do take more "precautions" if I see a person of color walking behind me than a caucasian in a business suit. I wish there was not a such thing as racism and prejudice, but it is present in everyone. And there is nothing we can do about it.
-Vicki 2013
http://www.cartoonstock.com/newscartoons/cartoonists/jlv/lowres/jlvn1524l.jpg
Its just a funny little comic showing how prejudices and segregation can hurt people.
-Samar
Its just a funny little comic showing how prejudices and segregation can hurt people.
-Samar
I am Indian
I am Indian
I don't like curry
I do put on deodorant
I'm not cheap
I don't drive taxis
I eat meat
I am not a FOB
I am Indian, and I am proud!
-Samar
I don't like curry
I do put on deodorant
I'm not cheap
I don't drive taxis
I eat meat
I am not a FOB
I am Indian, and I am proud!
-Samar
I am Chinese
I am Chinese.
I don't know Kungfu.
I am lazy.
I am bad at math.
I am not hard-working.
I like eating rice.
I hate Beijing opera.
I don't think that money can buy me everything.
I don't want to become a doctor.
I want to be a chief.
I don't know Kungfu.
I am lazy.
I am bad at math.
I am not hard-working.
I like eating rice.
I hate Beijing opera.
I don't think that money can buy me everything.
I don't want to become a doctor.
I want to be a chief.
I am American
I am American.
I don't mind walking places.
I don't like cheeseburgers.
I'm not loud all the time.
I've left the country.
-Catherine
I don't mind walking places.
I don't like cheeseburgers.
I'm not loud all the time.
I've left the country.
-Catherine
Monday, September 27, 2010
I Am Fifteen
I am fifteen. I don’t sneak out. I don’t think I know everything. I do not claim to be, or to ever have been, “in love”, and I do not read gossip/fashion magazines. I do not listen to “pop” music, or whatever you call that stuff they play on the radio. I build relationships in person, not online. I don’t hate school. I like to learn. I usually act pretty rationally.
But I am fifteen.
I am indecisive and a bit naive. I procrastinate. I enjoy spending time doing pointless things, and often disagree just because I don’t want to agree. And yes, I do tend to use the word “like” quite a lot in spoken conversation. But sometimes I say intelligent things too :)
I am not inside your teenage box, but I am still fifteen.
--CZ
--CZ
Iam...DUYNGUYEN
Iam vietnamise.I like money.IAm 15 years old.Iam a boy. I like beatyful girl.I like famous.I love dance.I don't have car . I hate bat.I love my mother.I want a sport car.I never see taxi in texas.I have more firend in US.IAm stduy in us and ....I love my country
I am....
Indian. I have never driven a taxi, and neither have I been in one. My dream is not to join the geek squad and fix computers. I am not unhygienic, and I do wash myself daily. I was born and raised in America. I do consider education important, but also emphasize goofing off from time to time. I am hard working and dedicated.
- I am Raza Syed.
- I am Raza Syed.
I Am... Vicki 2013
I am Mexican.
I am not illegal.
I am not illegal.
I am not having a Quinceanera.
I am not poor.
I am not the daughter of the guy that mows your lawn.
I am not lazy.
I am not planning to have a kid at 16.
I am not one of 8 children.
I am not pursuing a career in homemaking.
I am a Catholic.
I am from Texas.
I am an only child.
I am seeking further education.
-Vicki 2013
Sunday, September 26, 2010
duynguyen
I thik the media is very need for every people.You can know more information about weather, human,war,star,... .It is very good and have benfit.
Stereotypes in the media
I was tasked to watch one show over the course of a week and find some stereotypes. I decided to watch family guy, and I found quite a few stereo types. Two big ones were Peter's, the main character in family guy, apparent hatred for handicapped people even though his best friend is one, and a distrust of black people, even though his friend is one. These videos show how racism is present in the Family Guy series.
Peter excluding handicapped people:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=joxoSfGWGxM
Peter being racist at a black festival:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5wSFFvZdd4o
Samar
Peter excluding handicapped people:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=joxoSfGWGxM
Peter being racist at a black festival:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5wSFFvZdd4o
Samar
Friday, September 24, 2010
Stereotypes in the Media
For television commercials, i saw a lot of stereotyping against women and household things. Some examples were cleaning supplies, cooking supplies, taking care of their children, etc. Generally you do not see men in these commercials because men are viewed not to take care of the house. I found a lot of men in commercials for tools, beer, sports, etc.
-Catherine.
-Catherine.
the stereotypes in the media
I watched the comedy shows on youtube--russell peter. He makes fun of different regions, such like Asian parents beat their children. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nn5jlrxcpkI
He also makes fun about Chinese and Indian ways deal with bussiness. Chinese always don't give discount, and Indian always want discount. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OO_Fc-OT1Pg
likezekeem
He also makes fun about Chinese and Indian ways deal with bussiness. Chinese always don't give discount, and Indian always want discount. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OO_Fc-OT1Pg
likezekeem
Thursday, September 23, 2010
According to stereotypes, one must perform specific roles as "girls" and "boys, "women" and "men". This takes away our personal freedome in deciding our own interests and skills. It also discourages men from participating in "women's work" like becoming a nurse and it restricts women from choosing roles that are traditionally "male" like engineering or science.
Wednesday, September 22, 2010
Stereotyping found in the Media/Society
By watching this link, I hope that you will realize that stereotyping is common everywhere not just the media, but also in society. The media plays a large role in how we think. It influences you by showing you what's called popular, interesting, or lame. And since society generally follows what the media say's we tend to create stereotypes of our own....
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3exzMPT4nGI&p=A4FC27C14E2BADC4&playnext=1&index=3
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3exzMPT4nGI&p=A4FC27C14E2BADC4&playnext=1&index=3
duynguyen
I think if you want to diminish stereotype you must realx, don't worry about that.You can travel someone , It's make you feel more better and you will love your life
Vicki 2013 Response
I think it is impossible to eliminate stereotypes. Even if one does not think of themselves as a person who discriminates others, there is a little prejudice inside everyone. A good example would be the mosque that is being built near ground zero. Yes, the people who cause 9/11 were muslims, but that doesn't mean all Muslims are bad people. Also, the new law in Arizona is making stereotypes and discrimination worse. Lawmakers are encouraging prejudice, in my opinion. I feel nobody is safe from stereotypes, and anything that makes you different from someone else (which is everything) can be used against you.
-Vicki 2013
Reducing & Eliminating Stereotypes
To reduce stereotyping, you have to be open minded and look past the groups that some people might be categorized under. It is important to have an unbiased view about all groups of people and look at them for who they really are, rather than what their gender, ethnicity, race, etc. Everyone is an individual. More ways of reducing stereotypes is to be more aware of them and to identify them. Once you can do that, you can find a way to ignore them and make them less relevant.
-Catherine
-Catherine
Stopping sterotypes
I believe that stereotyping can never be stopped completely. Our society has gotten so use to them we don't even realize we are stereotyping. The media is one of the major sources to stereotyping and because of it, we tend to generalize on everything. For example if I were to mention a blond person, you would immediately think of stupid. This is because people have generalized that all blonds are stupid. We of course know this not to be true, however the media is constantly sending information that is may be true about an individual, but not about the whole culture, race, gender, etc.
Is there any way to avoid stereotyping?
Well the truth is, it can never be completely avoided. However, if we take the initiative to inform our children about the danger in stereotypes we might be able to slightly avoid generalization.
Is there any way to avoid stereotyping?
Well the truth is, it can never be completely avoided. However, if we take the initiative to inform our children about the danger in stereotypes we might be able to slightly avoid generalization.
the comments about the question
I think reducing the stereotypes in our life is hard. these is a simple reason, becasue everyone is different. people may have same habbit, so we put people have the same habbit into one stereotype. I think, unless everyone has the same habbit, it is hard to reduce stereotypes in our life.
But I think it is good to try reduce the stereotypes in our life, becasue everyone is equal as a human. It is impolite to put people into stereotypes. Stereotypes sometimes may change a person's personality.
I think we should try to not stereotypes, and try to be friendly to different kinds of people, that way, even it is hard to reduce stereotypes, at least we can make stereotyping looks better.
But I think it is good to try reduce the stereotypes in our life, becasue everyone is equal as a human. It is impolite to put people into stereotypes. Stereotypes sometimes may change a person's personality.
I think we should try to not stereotypes, and try to be friendly to different kinds of people, that way, even it is hard to reduce stereotypes, at least we can make stereotyping looks better.
Stopping Stereotypes
Even though it would be ideal for stereotypes to cease to exist, sadly I think they will always be around. Stereotypes are a way for people to easily categorize people and allows us to bring similarities and differences between people's features and ideas quickly. Of course this isn't very good because it doesn't let people that are stereotyped to express themselves freely, since they have already been judged and categorized based on their gender, ethnicity, or another reason. People have been doing this probably since the dawn of modern mankind and it will probably persist into the future...
But it might be possible to decrease stereotypes and racism...
- Kids and adults could be educated about ethnicity, genders, ect. so they can better understand other people and don't make derogotory or untrue stereotypes of them.
-We could have representatives who could vouch for certain minorities to give them more rights and reduce discrimination
-Teachers could actively enforce rules that prevent stereotyping, such as a detention if you rudely stereotype someone...
-Teach children from an early age about individualism and how they should first get to know someone before they judge them.
-Offices can hire a more diverse workforce (though they shouldn't give minorities a priority) so that the employees get to know each other better and realize their first judgements of people might have been wrong.
Source: http://lets-stop-racism.tripod.com/id5.html
Samar
But it might be possible to decrease stereotypes and racism...
- Kids and adults could be educated about ethnicity, genders, ect. so they can better understand other people and don't make derogotory or untrue stereotypes of them.
-We could have representatives who could vouch for certain minorities to give them more rights and reduce discrimination
-Teachers could actively enforce rules that prevent stereotyping, such as a detention if you rudely stereotype someone...
-Teach children from an early age about individualism and how they should first get to know someone before they judge them.
-Offices can hire a more diverse workforce (though they shouldn't give minorities a priority) so that the employees get to know each other better and realize their first judgements of people might have been wrong.
Source: http://lets-stop-racism.tripod.com/id5.html
Samar
Reducing/Eliminating Stereotypes
The idea of eliminating stereotypes in today's world sounds nice, yes--but in my opinion, it would be unwise to believe it could happen. Because the world is such a big place and so well connected through communication and media, we know OF many different groups and ethnicities; we hear about them all the time. But it's impossible to know each individual, so stereotypes are our natural response. It's easy to categorize people, and it makes for easy advertising. But there are a few things we can do to ensure that subconscious stereotypes don't escalate into deliberate prejudice and discrimination.
-Stereotypes will always exist in the back of your mind, but you can still make a conscious effort not to act on them without knowing a person.
-On an individual level, you can work to prove your stereotype inaccurate (that is, if it IS actually inaccurate and if you actually do feel stereotyped).
In my opinion, all an individual can do is keep an open mind and make a conscious effort not to be judgmental. But there are some things that can be done on a larger scale:
-Schools can stop putting an category for "race" on applications: I think these are already optional, which is a step towards eliminating prejudice.
-Schools can also educate students in world culture and religions in an objective manner ( as Village did my freshman year), giving them a more open and educated mindset about other cultures.
-The media ultimately has the most power regarding stereotypes. A strong change/opening in the opinion of the people will cause the media to change its portrayal of different groups to satisfy society.
Does that make sense, or is the media uncontrollable? Could such a change in the public's opinion happen? (consider womens'/ civil rights movements) If so, would it not just create new stereotypes?
--CZ
-Stereotypes will always exist in the back of your mind, but you can still make a conscious effort not to act on them without knowing a person.
-On an individual level, you can work to prove your stereotype inaccurate (that is, if it IS actually inaccurate and if you actually do feel stereotyped).
In my opinion, all an individual can do is keep an open mind and make a conscious effort not to be judgmental. But there are some things that can be done on a larger scale:
-Schools can stop putting an category for "race" on applications: I think these are already optional, which is a step towards eliminating prejudice.
-Schools can also educate students in world culture and religions in an objective manner ( as Village did my freshman year), giving them a more open and educated mindset about other cultures.
-The media ultimately has the most power regarding stereotypes. A strong change/opening in the opinion of the people will cause the media to change its portrayal of different groups to satisfy society.
Does that make sense, or is the media uncontrollable? Could such a change in the public's opinion happen? (consider womens'/ civil rights movements) If so, would it not just create new stereotypes?
--CZ
Monday, September 20, 2010
"Stereotyping in the Media"
"Media stereotypes are inevitable, especially in the advertising, entertainment and news industries, which need as wide an audience as possible to quickly understand information. Stereotypes act like codes that give audiences a quick, common understanding of a person or group of people—usually relating to their class, ethnicity or race, gender, sexual orientation, social role or occupation."
Source:http://www.media-awareness.ca/english/issues/stereotyping/
Source:http://www.media-awareness.ca/english/issues/stereotyping/
Duy
My name is Duy. I am from Vietnam. I am fifteen years old. There are four people in my family: my father, my mother, my sister and me. My sister studies in school with me in the US. My family is very caring. I like to play basketball with my friends. I think I am a good person. I want to improve my English. In this class, we learn about who we are.
Catherine
My name is Catherine and I am 15 and a sophomore at The Village School. I am originally from Dallas, Texas but I have lived over seas for most of my life. I have 2 older sisters and I play for the Village varsity volleyball team.
Sunday, September 19, 2010
Stereotypes
Stereotypes are beliefs or theories about what members of particular groups are like. They are expectations that are widely shared within a culture. Stereotypes even have the power to shape our perception of others.
Friday, September 17, 2010
Interests of Raza
I am a 9th grader here at The Village School. One of my electives in school is called Global ID. The purpose of the class is to learn more about ourseleves and understand who we are, and what makes us this way. The 1st thing that comes to my mind when i think of myself is of an outgoing person that has many differnet interests in many areas of life. My favorite hobbies/interests are listening to music and reading teen-fiction novels. I love basketball, but I love to spend time with my friends more....
Samar
Hi my name is Samar. I am from India. I go to the Village School. I am in the elective class Global ID. In this class we try to find out more about ourselves. I like playing Tennis and Basketball. My favorite subjects are physics and psychology. I came to this class to learn more about myself. I hope I do.
Thursday, September 16, 2010
CZ
My name is Christiana Z. There are a lot of "categories" I could fall into, but nothing good enough to define myself by since there's always something I disagree with. I like to run but usually hate competition. I like to write but don't feel like I can call myself a writer yet. One thing I can say is that I've recently been really honest with myself, and it's helped me to learn...how much i have to learn :) I try to keep an extremely open mind, maybe more than I should. Obviously I'm good at talking about myself. So maybe I'm selfish. I don't know. I guess this class will help me figure things like that out.
--CZ
--CZ
This is Likezekeem!
I am a 10th grade student in Village school. I'm from China, 17 years old. I like to play computer games and I hate doing work!!...I'm going to share my thoughts about our class "Global Identites" in the future. Please DON'T laugh at me if I write anything wrong..LOL...I'm Chinese...
MW
MW
Vicki 2013
My name is Victoria. I am a sophomore at the Village High School. I was born in the US but my mom and dad are from Mexico. I am a ballerina and a cheerleader. I like eating junk food and hanging out with friends. I am in Global Identities because I want to learn more about myself and my peers. I have already learned a lot about myself only 3 weeks into the class. I learned I am a conservative, and am not very open minded. I hope to learn more about myself by the end of this course.
Who Are We?
We are an elective class of seven freshman and sophomores called Global Identities. Our class is different because it has us ask questions about ourselves rather than just learn factual information. Our goal for this class is to better define ourselves both individually and as part of a group of any size, whether it's as small as the school community or as large as the global community. We've made this blog as a way to more creatively and openly express our ideas and opinions.
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